Corydoras Catfish: Care, Breeding, and Tank Mates

An adorable Fairy Corydoras catfish swims in a tranquil aquatic environment | Wirestock Creators

Peaceful, social, and endlessly entertaining, Corydoras catfish—usually called corys or cory catfish—are among the best bottom-dwelling fish for freshwater community aquariums.

These small South American catfish are famous for their whisker-like barbels, armored bodies, and habit of bustling across the substrate in groups as they search for food. They coexist with an enormous variety of peaceful fish and are available in dozens of colors and patterns, from Panda and Sterbai corys to tiny Pygmy Corydoras.

Corys are frequently marketed as “cleanup fish,” but that description can lead to poor care. They may eat food that reaches the bottom, but they do not survive on waste, feces, or algae alone. Corydoras need their own nutritious diet just like every other fish in the aquarium.

Give them a suitable group, smooth substrate, clean water, and plenty to eat, and cory catfish can become some of the most active and charming residents of a freshwater tank.

🐠 Corydoras Catfish Quick Care Guide

Care RequirementRecommendation
Common namesCorydoras, cory catfish, corys
Scientific groupCorydoradinae
FamilyCallichthyidae
Adult sizeAbout 1–3 inches for many common species; some grow larger
Care levelEasy
Practical tank size20+ gallons for most species; some dwarf species can live in smaller setups
TemperatureRoughly 68–82°F depending on species
pHApproximately 6.0–8.0 depending on species
DietOmnivorous bottom feeder
TemperamentVery peaceful
Social needsKeep at least 6 of the same species when possible
Swimming levelPrimarily bottom; some dwarf species swim in midwater
Preferred substrateSmooth sand or fine rounded gravel
Planted tankExcellent
BreedingEgg layer
LifespanOften 5–10 years with good care
Beginner friendlyYes

🔬 Corydoras Taxonomy Has Recently Changed

The name Corydoras has traditionally been used for a huge group of closely related armored catfish. Aquarists still commonly use “corydoras” or “cory” as an umbrella name, but scientific classification has changed.

A major phylogenomic revision published in 2024 divided the subfamily Corydoradinae among seven recognized genera:

  • Corydoras
  • Aspidoras
  • Scleromystax
  • Gastrodermus
  • Osteogaster
  • Brochis
  • Hoplisoma

As a result, several aquarium favorites long known as Corydoras now have different scientific names. For example, the Panda Cory is now classified as Hoplisoma panda, Sterbai Cory as Hoplisoma sterbai, and Pygmy Cory as Gastrodermus pygmaeus.

Aquarium stores, older books, websites, and hobbyists will probably continue using the familiar Corydoras names for a long time, so you may encounter both old and updated scientific names.

For practical aquarium purposes, they are still commonly grouped together as cory catfish.

🧬 Scientific Classification

RankClassification
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderSiluriformes
FamilyCallichthyidae
SubfamilyCorydoradinae
Common aquarium groupingCorydoras and related cory catfish

🌎 Where Do Corydoras Catfish Come From?

Cory catfish are native to South America, where different species occur across a huge range of freshwater habitats.

Depending on the species, corys may be found in:

  • Rivers
  • Tributaries
  • Streams
  • Flooded forests
  • Shallow pools
  • Slow-moving waterways
  • Sandy and muddy bottoms
  • Areas covered with leaves and submerged wood

Because the group covers such a broad geographic range, there is no single universal set of water conditions suitable for every cory species.

Some tolerate relatively cool water. Others, including Sterbai corys, are much better suited to warmer tropical aquariums.

This is why identifying the particular species you own is important before choosing temperature and water parameters.

🛡️ Why Are Corydoras Called Armored Catfish?

Corys do not have a body covered in ordinary fish scales.

Instead, rows of hard bony plates protect their sides, giving them an armored appearance.

They also possess strong fin spines that help discourage predators.

These spines are useful in nature but require some caution in aquariums. Cory catfish can become tangled in fine nets, and the spines of corydoradine catfish are associated with defensive venom glands.

Avoid grabbing corys with your bare hands. When practical, transferring them in a container rather than forcing them through a fine mesh net can reduce the chance of injury to both fish and aquarist.

👃 What Are the Whiskers on a Corydoras?

The whisker-like structures around a cory’s mouth are called barbels.

Corys use them to investigate the substrate and locate food.

Watching a healthy group forage is fascinating. They move across the bottom, probing sand and gaps around plants and decorations as they search for edible material.

Healthy barbels are an important part of Corydoras care.

That is one reason smooth substrate and clean aquarium conditions are so valuable.

🏖️ Do Corydoras Need Sand?

Fine, smooth aquarium sand is an excellent substrate for cory catfish because it allows them to forage naturally without scraping their barbels against sharp surfaces.

Fine rounded gravel can also work if it is genuinely smooth.

Avoid:

  • Jagged gravel
  • Sharp crushed rock
  • Substrate containing abrasive edges

Keeping the substrate reasonably clean is just as important as the material itself.

Accumulated organic waste can contribute to poor water quality around the bottom of the aquarium—the exact area where Corydoras spend most of their time.

🐟 How Many Corydoras Should Be Kept Together?

Cory catfish are social fish.

For most commonly kept species, a group of at least six of the same species is an excellent starting point.

In nature, corydoradine catfish may occur in much larger groups, and aquarium corys frequently become more active and confident when surrounded by plenty of companions.

A solitary cory may hide more frequently or behave less naturally.

Whenever possible, aim for:

  • 6 as a practical minimum
  • 8–10 for a more active social group
  • Larger groups when aquarium space permits

Groups generally work best when the fish belong to the same species.

A Panda Cory and a Sterbai Cory may coexist peacefully, but owning one of each is not equivalent to giving either fish a proper group of its own kind.

Corys are often better described as shoaling fish than tight schooling fish. They may scatter around the aquarium while feeding and then suddenly gather together to rest or swim as a group.

🏡 What Size Tank Do Corydoras Need?

For most popular cory species, a 20-gallon aquarium or larger is an excellent starting point.

The additional floor area allows a proper group to forage without overcrowding.

Tank dimensions are especially important because Corydoras spend much of their lives near the substrate. A long aquarium provides more usable territory than a very tall tank with the same volume.

Dwarf corys can be kept in smaller tanks under appropriate conditions.

The Pygmy Corydoras is particularly well suited to planted nano communities, although even tiny corys still need an appropriate social group.

🌿 Setting Up a Corydoras Aquarium

A good cory aquarium combines open substrate with sheltered areas.

Consider including:

  • Smooth sand
  • Live plants
  • Driftwood
  • Smooth stones
  • Caves and shaded retreats
  • Leaf litter in naturalistic tanks
  • Open areas for group foraging

Do not cover the entire bottom with heavy decorations.

Leaving open sand allows the fish to perform the constant exploratory behavior that makes them so entertaining.

Live plants can frame these open spaces beautifully.

Our guide to the Top 30 Easy-to-Grow Live Aquarium Plants for Freshwater Tanks includes many plants suitable for peaceful cory communities.

🌱 Are Corydoras Good for Planted Aquariums?

Yes.

Cory catfish are among the best fish for planted community tanks because they generally leave healthy plants alone.

Plants provide:

  • Shade
  • Shelter
  • Visual barriers
  • Resting areas
  • Naturalistic surroundings

Java Fern, Anubias, Cryptocoryne, Amazon Sword, Vallisneria, Java Moss, and floating plants can all work well.

Corys occasionally rummage around plant roots, but established plants are usually unaffected.

Very small freshly planted specimens in lightweight substrate can sometimes be dislodged by enthusiastic foraging.

💧 Corydoras Water Parameters

Because there are many species, Corydoras water requirements should not be reduced to one exact temperature and pH.

A broad range for commonly kept species is roughly:

  • Temperature: 68–82°F
  • pH: approximately 6.0–8.0
  • Ammonia: 0 ppm
  • Nitrite: 0 ppm

The correct temperature depends heavily on species.

Cooler-Water Corys

Peppered corys are comfortable at cooler temperatures than several tropical species.

Warmer-Water Corys

Sterbai corys are among the better choices when a community aquarium is kept toward the warmer end of tropical temperatures.

This distinction becomes important when selecting tank mates.

Do not choose fish simply because all of them are labeled “tropical.”

🔄 Corydoras Need a Cycled Aquarium

Corys may be hardy, but they are not immune to ammonia or nitrite.

Introduce them only after the aquarium’s biological filtration has been established.

A properly cycled tank should maintain:

  • Ammonia: 0 ppm
  • Nitrite: 0 ppm

Nitrate should be controlled with appropriate stocking, plant growth, filtration, and regular water changes.

If you’re new to freshwater fishkeeping, start with our Beginner’s Guide to Setting Up Your First Aquarium.

🌊 Why Do Corydoras Swim to the Surface?

A cory suddenly shooting toward the surface can alarm a new aquarist.

Fortunately, this behavior can be completely normal.

Corydoras and their close relatives are facultative air breathers. They can dart to the surface, gulp atmospheric air, and absorb oxygen through a specialized part of the digestive system before returning to the bottom.

An occasional trip to the surface is therefore normal cory behavior.

However, if every fish is constantly gasping at the surface, breathing heavily, or behaving unusually, check:

  • Ammonia
  • Nitrite
  • Temperature
  • Water circulation
  • Oxygenation

Normal cory air gulping and an aquarium-wide oxygen emergency are not the same thing.

🍽️ What Do Corydoras Eat?

One of the biggest Corydoras myths is that they live entirely on leftovers.

They do not.

Wild corys consume foods such as:

  • Small worms
  • Aquatic insect larvae
  • Crustaceans
  • Other small invertebrates
  • Organic material
  • Some plant material

In aquariums, a varied diet can include:

  • Quality sinking pellets
  • Sinking wafers
  • Frozen bloodworms
  • Frozen brine shrimp
  • Daphnia
  • Live blackworms
  • Tubifex from safe sources
  • Gel foods
  • Other appropriately sized sinking foods

FishBase reports worms, crustaceans, insects, and plant matter among the foods consumed by the Peppered Cory, illustrating why a varied diet is preferable to assuming corys live on algae wafers alone.

❌ Corydoras Are Not Algae Eaters

Cory catfish are frequently placed into aquariums as part of a “cleanup crew.”

They do search the substrate for edible food, but Corydoras are not dedicated algae eaters.

They will not replace:

  • Glass cleaning
  • Gravel maintenance
  • Water changes
  • Algae management
  • Proper feeding

If algae grazing is one of your stocking goals, the Otocinclus Catfish fills a very different ecological niche.

Even Otocinclus should not be purchased simply as a cleaning tool—every aquarium animal requires its own appropriate care and diet.

⏰ How Often Should You Feed Corydoras?

Feed Corydoras at least once daily as part of the aquarium’s normal feeding routine.

The most important consideration is not simply how often food enters the aquarium.

It is whether enough food actually reaches the corys.

Fast tetras, livebearers, barbs, and other active fish can consume nearly everything before sinking foods reach the substrate.

Watch your corys during feeding.

Healthy individuals should have nicely rounded bellies rather than hollow-looking undersides.

Aquarium Co-Op specifically notes that corys can be outcompeted by faster feeders and need their own sinking foods rather than relying on leftovers.

🌙 Should Corydoras Be Fed at Night?

You can feed sinking food shortly before or after the aquarium lights dim, particularly if fast daytime feeders repeatedly steal their meals.

But Corydoras are not exclusively nocturnal.

Many are active during daylight and can readily learn normal aquarium feeding schedules.

The goal is simply to make sure they get adequate nutrition.

🤝 Best Tank Mates for Corydoras

Cory catfish are among the easiest freshwater fish to place in a peaceful community.

Excellent companions can include:

  • Tetras
  • Rasboras
  • Peaceful gouramis
  • Guppies
  • Platies
  • Small rainbowfish
  • Peaceful dwarf cichlids
  • Kuhli Loaches
  • Otocinclus
  • Other appropriately grouped cory species

A classic community setup might contain a group of Corydoras on the bottom, a large school of Neon Tetras in the middle, and a peaceful centerpiece fish in the upper levels.

Aquarium Co-Op similarly recommends combinations of corys, small schooling fish, and peaceful centerpiece species for community tanks.

💙 Corydoras and Neon Tetras

Neon Tetras make excellent companions for many cory species.

The two groups occupy different areas of the aquarium:

Neon Tetras: primarily midwater.

Corydoras: primarily bottom.

Both are social, peaceful fish that look especially attractive in planted aquariums.

Choose a cory species whose temperature requirements overlap with those of the tetras.

🔥 Corydoras and Ember Tetras

The tiny Ember Tetra is another excellent choice.

A planted aquarium containing a school of glowing orange Embers above a group of dwarf corys can create an exceptionally peaceful nano-community display.

Pygmy corys are particularly suitable because their small adult size matches that of other nano fish.

🍯 Corydoras and Honey Gouramis

The Honey Gourami can make a beautiful centerpiece fish for an appropriately sized Corydoras community.

Honey Gouramis spend considerably more time in the middle and upper areas of the aquarium and are typically less aggressive than several larger gourami species.

Plants, driftwood, and visual barriers help create a comfortable environment for both.

🌈 Corydoras and Guppies

Guppies and Corydoras can coexist peacefully from a temperament standpoint.

Water chemistry deserves consideration, however.

Guppies generally favor harder, more mineral-rich water than many South American cory species naturally inhabit.

Select a cory that tolerates your existing water parameters rather than forcing one species into inappropriate conditions simply because the fish are peaceful.

🪱 Corydoras and Kuhli Loaches

Kuhli Loaches are peaceful enough to coexist with corys, but both spend substantial time near the substrate.

That means a tank containing both needs:

  • Plenty of floor space
  • Several hiding areas
  • Adequate food reaching the bottom
  • Appropriate group sizes for both species

Compatibility involves space and feeding competition as well as aggression.

⚠️ Fish to Avoid With Corydoras

Corys should not be housed with fish likely to attack, injure, or eat them.

Potentially poor companions include:

  • Large predatory cichlids
  • Very aggressive territorial fish
  • Large catfish capable of swallowing them
  • Extremely aggressive bottom dwellers
  • Fish that constantly prevent them from feeding

An adult Oscar Fish is an obvious example of an unsuitable companion for small corys.

Remember that Corydoras fin spines do not make them invulnerable.

A predator attempting to swallow a cory can injure both fish because the catfish’s defensive spines may become lodged in the predator’s mouth.

🐭 Pygmy Corydoras

The Pygmy Corydoras—now classified as Gastrodermus pygmaeus—is one of the smallest cory-type catfish in the hobby.

Adults grow to roughly an inch.

Unlike many larger corys, Pygmy Corydoras frequently leave the substrate and hover together in the middle of the aquarium.

They are excellent candidates for peaceful planted nano tanks containing species such as:

  • Ember Tetras
  • Small rasboras
  • Celestial Pearl Danios
  • Small shrimp
  • Snails

Keep a substantial group so their unusual social behavior can be fully appreciated.

🐼 Panda Cory

The Panda Cory, now Hoplisoma panda, is one of the most recognizable corys.

Its pale body carries distinctive black markings around:

  • The eyes
  • Dorsal fin
  • Base of the tail

The resemblance to the markings of a giant panda inspired its common name.

Panda corys appreciate clean, oxygen-rich water and generally favor slightly cooler temperatures than warm-water species such as Sterbai corys.

🔵 Sterbai Cory

Sterbai Cory (Hoplisoma sterbai) is covered with a beautiful pattern of pale spots over a darker background and often shows orange coloration on the pectoral fins.

Sterbai corys are particularly popular for warmer community aquariums.

They can therefore be better candidates than cooler-water cory species when the aquarium is maintained toward the high end of standard tropical temperatures.

🌫️ Peppered Cory

The Peppered Cory is another classic aquarium catfish.

It has been kept in the hobby for generations and features an attractive mottled gray-green pattern.

Modern taxonomy places the species as Hoplisoma paleatum, although the name Corydoras paleatus remains extremely common in aquarium literature.

FishBase reports an adult maximum around 7 cm for females and identifies the species from Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.

Peppered corys generally tolerate cooler water than Sterbai corys.

🟤 Bronze and Albino Corys

Bronze Corys are among the most widely available aquarium corys.

Albino corys sold in stores are frequently albino forms of the same or closely associated familiar bronze-cory stock.

They are hardy, social, and excellent beginner fish when maintained in proper groups.

Their availability also makes it relatively easy to purchase enough individuals of the same type to form a healthy shoal.

🥚 Breeding Corydoras Catfish

Corydoras breeding can be surprisingly approachable.

Some established groups spawn spontaneously after receiving excellent food and a water change.

A useful breeding setup includes:

  • A healthy mature group
  • More than one male when possible
  • High-quality foods
  • Very clean water
  • Smooth surfaces or plants for egg deposition
  • Gentle filtration
  • Stable water chemistry

For many common species, a water change with somewhat cooler water can mimic seasonal rainfall and help trigger spawning.

This technique is not universal to every cory, so research the exact species before deliberately changing temperature.

💞 Corydoras Courtship and the T-Position

When spawning begins, males may energetically pursue females around the aquarium.

One of the most recognizable Corydoras breeding behaviors is the T-position, in which the female positions her head near the male’s body.

The female then holds a small number of eggs between her pelvic fins before depositing the adhesive eggs on a surface such as:

  • Aquarium glass
  • Plant leaves
  • Decorations
  • Spawning mops

The process can repeat many times during a single spawning event.

FishBase describes female Peppered Corys holding small batches of eggs between their pelvic fins before attaching the sticky eggs to a suitable surface.

🥚 Will Corydoras Eat Their Eggs?

Yes.

Corys provide little or no parental protection after eggs are deposited, and adults may eat them.

Other community fish will also happily consume exposed eggs.

If you want to maximize survival, you can:

  • Move the eggs to a separate hatching container, or
  • Spawn the adults in a breeding aquarium and remove them afterward

Many breeders carefully roll adhesive eggs from the glass with a finger or gently move them using an appropriate tool.

Clean water and gentle circulation around the eggs help prevent losses.

🐣 Raising Corydoras Fry

Depending on species and temperature, eggs commonly hatch after several days.

Newly hatched fry initially live from their yolk sacs.

Once they become free-swimming, suitable foods can include:

  • Newly hatched baby brine shrimp
  • Microworms
  • Fine powdered fry food
  • Other appropriately sized live foods

Feed small amounts frequently while maintaining excellent water quality.

A sponge filter is especially useful because it provides gentle biological filtration without producing an intake powerful enough to trap tiny fry.

As the young grow, they begin resembling miniature adults and can gradually transition to larger sinking foods.

🧬 Male vs. Female Corydoras

Sexing mature corys becomes easier when several adults are viewed together.

Females are usually:

  • Larger
  • Broader
  • Rounder through the abdomen

Males are generally:

  • Smaller
  • More slender

Looking down from above can make the difference especially obvious.

A mature female carrying eggs may appear much wider through the body than the males around her.

🩺 Common Corydoras Health Problems

Healthy Corydoras should:

  • Forage actively
  • Eat readily
  • Maintain intact barbels
  • Have clear eyes
  • Show normal body condition
  • Interact with their group

Warning signs include:

  • Hollow belly
  • Rapid breathing
  • Persistent hiding
  • Red or inflamed areas
  • Damaged barbels
  • White spots
  • Frayed fins
  • Abnormal swimming
  • Failure to eat
  • Constant surface gasping

Many of these signs are not specific to one disease.

Begin by checking water quality and observing the entire aquarium.

👃 Corydoras Barbel Problems

Healthy barbels are important for natural feeding behavior.

Shortened, inflamed, or damaged barbels can indicate problems with the environment.

Reduce the risk by providing:

  • Smooth substrate
  • Good water quality
  • Regular maintenance
  • Low accumulation of organic waste
  • Appropriate stocking levels

Do not assume barbel loss is normal simply because Corydoras spend their lives digging through the substrate.

🍽️ The Hidden Risk of Starvation

One of the easiest Corydoras health problems to overlook is not getting enough food.

An aquarist may feed the aquarium generously and still have underfed corys.

The problem occurs when active surface and midwater fish eat everything first.

Watch the catfish directly during feeding.

A healthy cory should not look pinched or hollow through the abdomen.

Sinking foods should reach the bottom while the fish are still interested in eating.

🫧 Is Frequent Surface Gulping a Problem?

Occasional air gulping is normal.

Repeated frantic trips to the surface combined with:

  • Fast gill movement
  • Lethargy
  • Other fish gasping
  • Unusual behavior

should prompt immediate testing of water quality and oxygen conditions.

Corys’ ability to breathe atmospheric air can help them cope with difficult conditions temporarily, but it does not mean poor oxygenation or contaminated water is acceptable.

🧹 Do Corydoras Keep the Tank Clean?

Not in the way the phrase is often used.

Corys certainly locate food particles that other fish miss, but they do not make waste disappear.

Whatever a cory eats eventually becomes fish waste.

You still need to:

  • Perform water changes
  • Maintain the filter
  • Remove excessive debris
  • Control stocking
  • Avoid overfeeding
  • Clean accessible substrate when necessary

Think of Corydoras as fascinating bottom-foraging pets—not tiny aquarium vacuum cleaners.

❌ Common Corydoras Care Mistakes

Keeping One Cory Alone

Corys are highly social. Keep a proper group of the same species whenever possible.

Using Sharp Substrate

Rough surfaces can interfere with natural foraging and may damage sensitive barbels.

Assuming They Live on Leftovers

Corys need their own sinking foods and a varied diet.

Buying a “Cleanup Fish”

Corydoras do not eat feces and are not dedicated algae eaters.

Mixing Species Instead of Building a Group

Six different cory species are not necessarily socially equivalent to six members of one species.

Ignoring Temperature Differences

A Peppered Cory and Sterbai Cory do not have identical temperature preferences simply because both are corys.

Keeping Them With Large Predators

Corys are peaceful and relatively small, and defensive spines do not make them safe from predatory fish.

Ignoring the Bottom of the Aquarium

Water and substrate conditions matter especially to fish that spend most of their lives near the aquarium floor.

👶 Are Corydoras Good Beginner Fish?

Yes.

Cory catfish are excellent beginner fish when the aquarium is properly established.

Their advantages include:

  • Peaceful temperament
  • Manageable size
  • Readily available foods
  • Excellent community compatibility
  • Interesting social behavior
  • Many species to choose from
  • Straightforward breeding in several species

Their main requirements are easy to understand:

Keep a proper group, feed them intentionally, use a safe substrate, and maintain good water quality.

For more beginner-friendly stocking ideas, explore our Top 50 Freshwater Fish for Aquariums.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

How many Corydoras should I keep?

At least six of the same species is a good practical target for most corys. Larger groups can be even better when aquarium space permits.

Can I keep one Corydoras?

It may survive, but keeping a solitary cory does not provide the social conditions these fish naturally prefer.

What size tank do Corydoras need?

A 20-gallon aquarium or larger works well for many popular species. Smaller dwarf species may be kept in appropriately designed smaller tanks.

Do Corydoras eat algae?

No. They may investigate many surfaces while foraging, but Corydoras are not specialized algae eaters.

Do Corydoras eat fish poop?

No. This is a persistent aquarium myth. Corys need real, nutritious fish food.

Do Corydoras need sand?

Smooth sand is excellent because it allows natural foraging. Fine rounded gravel can also work if it has no sharp edges.

Why does my Corydoras keep swimming to the surface?

Occasional trips to gulp atmospheric air are normal. Constant gasping or frantic surfacing should prompt a water-quality and oxygen check.

Do Corydoras need a heater?

It depends on species and room temperature. Most commonly kept tropical corys need stable temperatures, but different species prefer different ranges.

Can Corydoras live with Bettas?

They sometimes can in a sufficiently large, appropriately heated aquarium if the individual Betta is peaceful. See our Betta Fish Tank Mates guide before attempting the combination.

Can Corydoras live with shrimp?

Usually, yes. Adult freshwater shrimp are generally compatible with peaceful corys.

Very small shrimplets may occasionally be eaten if encountered while the cory is foraging.

Do Corydoras breed easily?

Several common species breed readily in captivity. Good conditioning, clean water, and water changes can encourage spawning.

How long do Corydoras live?

Many commonly kept corys can live 5–10 years, and some individuals may live even longer with excellent care.

Are Corydoras nocturnal?

They can be active during dim periods, but they are not strictly nocturnal. Healthy corys frequently forage and interact throughout the day.

🌊 Why Corydoras Are Such Excellent Community Fish

Cory catfish have earned their enormous popularity.

They are peaceful enough for gentle community aquariums, active enough to be entertaining, small enough for moderately sized tanks, and diverse enough that aquarists can choose from numerous colors, patterns, and sizes.

Their real appeal, however, becomes obvious when they are kept correctly.

Instead of one lonely “cleanup catfish” hiding under a decoration, imagine a group of eight Corydoras rushing across a sandy substrate, rummaging together for food, resting beneath broad plant leaves, suddenly swimming as a group, and occasionally darting to the surface for a gulp of air.

That is the Corydoras aquarium worth creating.

Give them companions of their own species, smooth substrate, stable water, peaceful tank mates, and food intended specifically for them, and cory catfish can become some of the most rewarding residents of a freshwater aquarium.

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